After 30 years of research, we know that our measures are. Culturally sensitive and universal measure of resilience for. This is an abbreviated version of the nicholson mcbride resilience questionnaire nmrq. For each question, score yourself between 1 and 5, where 1 strongly disagree and 5 strongly agree. Bmc research notes psychometric assessment of the wagnild and youngs resilience scale in kano, nigeria tajudeen abiola 0 owoidoho udofia 1 0 department of psychiatry, aminu kano teaching hospital, kano, nigeria 1 department of psychiatry, university of calabar and university of calabar teaching hospital, calabar, nigeria background.
However, the scales that assessors focus on should be determined by the requirements of the job role, and this may mean that specific scales require particular exploration if moderate or high scores are achieved. Ntountoulaki e, paika v, kotsis k, papaioannou d, andreoulakis e, et al. The connordavidson resilience scale cd risc was created to address aspects of resilience and for use in clinical practice. Academic resilience scale ars the academic resilience scale developed by martin and marsh 2006 was assessed through six items. The connordavidson resilience scale cdrisc25 is a selfadministered scale containing 25 items that exhibit good psychometric properties. We hear the word talked about in the media all the time. Resilience reflects the ability to bounce back, to beat the odds and is considered an asset in human characteristic terms. The original resilience scale the resilience center. Resilience can be built through life experience and environment.
The resilience scale users guide for the us english version of the resilience scale and the 14item resilience scale rs14. Circle the number which best indicates your feelings about that statement. Measures of resilience and an evaluation of the resilience. All 25 items are positively scored on a 7point scale from 1. Executive summary the resilience scale is an effective simplifying model for channeling thinking about developmental outcomes and resilience. To the right of each you will find seven numbers, ranging from.
The original resilience scale and the rs14 are strongly correlated r 0. The original resilience scale if you are interested in purchasing a licensing agreement to use the resilience scale, please click on rs or contact us for more information. Unaccounted resilience variables 27 items, cdrisc expanded kinyarwanda version 34 items, 6 items from the cdrisc subsumed in abbreviated form in the positive psychology outcome measure ppom, a 29item arabic translation of the scale, a 3item version of the scale 2016, a ghanaian 18item scale, and a 17item spanish scale 2012. Psychometric assessment of the wagnild and youngs resilience. The purposes of this article are to provide additional support for the psychometric properties of the resilience scale and to consider the clinical applicability of. Originally, 11 items were derived from the interview data and we conducted a preliminary study. The other three assess process resilience or multilevel interactive resilience resources. We aimed to examine and assess the psychometric properties of the polish version in three different samples. Resilience is a psychological construct observed in some individuals that accounts for success despite adversity. Both scales correlated significantly in expected directions with related. The cdrisc is a 25 item scale that has been studied in a variety of populations such as, members of different ethnic groups. Resilience is the phenomenon in which positive outcomes occur despite the presence of significant negative factors. The resilience scale rs, which measures the capacity to withstand life stressors, and to thrive and make meaning from challenges consists of a 17item personal competence subscale and an 8item acceptance of self and life subscale.
The scale is rated on a 7point likert scale, being 1. Public interest statement resilience is a topic many people are interested in. Verbatim components of these interviews were used in the pilot rs, which was conducted with 39 undergraduate nursing students. The aim of the study is therefore, to demonstrate the internal consistency and concurrent validity of the resilience scale rs and its 14item short version rs 14 in a nigerian. After an initial factor analysis, the scale was reduced to 25 items that reflected five basic characteristics of resilience. Resilience scale for adults 21, and the brief resilience scale 22, among others 23.
The scales focus on strengths as well as symptoms and vulnerabilities. The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the 25item wagnild and youngs resilience scale in order to establish its suitability for use in nigeria. According to the authors of the brs, scores can be interpreted as follows xrefs. Developmental outcomes can be addressed and improved through multiple intervention strategies. Wagnild and young 9 have proposed two subcategories, personal competence and acceptance of self and life, based on a principal component analysis. Culturally sensitive and universal measure of resilience. The scores for each of the resilience components, called sten scores, range from 1 through to 10. A psychometric evaluation of the lithuanian version of the. Cdrisc10, and the scale of protective factors spf24.
Academic resilience contextualizes the resilience construct and reflects an increased likelihood of educational success despite adversity. Sensitivity and specificity of rs 5 compared with rs 11 were. The short version consists of 14 items rated on a 7point likert scale with two anchoring statements from strongly disagree 1 to strongly agree 7. Its reduced version rs 14 has presented reliable internal consistency and external validity. The resilience scale rs was developed to evaluate the levels of resilience in the general population. The resilience scale users guide for the us english version of the resilience scale and the 14item resilience scale rs 14. Resilience seemed to lie at the core of the recent promotion of positive mental health and wellbeing. Reliability and validity testing of wagnild and youngs. The measures included two versions of the resilience scale rs 25. With this in mind, in 2009 i developed a shorter 14item resilience assessment derived from the original resilience scale called the rs14. The results suggested that 22 of the initial 25 items of the scale were retained. The resilience scale rs 14 consists of 14 items rated on a scale from 1 does not apply to 4 applies very strongly, with higher scores indicating higher levels of resilience. The resilience scale rs 2 march 3911 please read the following statements. Overview of resilience and strengthbased measures for.
Principal components factor analysis of the rs was conducted followed. Was applied to a sample of 323 college students 79 men and 244 women aged 18 to 55 years m23. The resilience scale helps us understand why some people are more resilient than others. The predictive 6factor resilience scale the science of. There has been a need for an instrument which not only can adequately evaluate traitlike resilience, but also can be applied to polish adolescents and young adults. However, measures of resilience like the cdrisc and the rs are relatively lengthy for what is in tended to be measured. The resilience scale is effective at channeling thinking away from the following. Frontiers polish version of the resilience scale rs14. The 14item resilience scale rs 14 please read the following statements.
Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale gail m. Click the circle below the number which best indicates your feelings about that statement. Academic vulnerability is a concern for foster care adolescents, and more empirical studies need to be conducted to increase understanding of the variables that affect academic success for. Young, phd, rn this study describes the development and initial psychometric evaluation of the 25item resilience scale rs in a sample of 810 communitydwelling older adults. In a study with 844 participants, a mix of healthy people and people suffering from diseases, smith and colleagues found an average score of 3. The relationship between resilience and academic success. The resilience scale was specifically developed to measure personality characteristics of resilience in older adults. The authors of the scale applied it in a sample consisting of 810 middleaged adults.
You dont need to search any further for an outstanding tool to measure resilience. Nov 23, 2011 i wagnild and youngs resilience scale. To the right of each you will find seven numbers, ranging from 1 strongly disagree on the left to 7 strongly agree on the right. The original 25item resilience scale rs is likely the most popular scale in the world to measure resilience. We expected that, of the scales, the spf24 would achieve the best model fit in an ea sample. A rating scale is provided to rate the participants capability in relation to that resilience component if you wish to use. Generally, we think we understand what the word means but when you look at the literature about what resilience is, only then can. Reliability, validity and easy of use of the rs especially in turkish college samples were discussed. Nov 23, 2011 resilience seemed to lie at the core of the recent promotion of positive mental health and wellbeing. The resilience scale users guide for the us englishversion of the resilience scale and the 14item resilience scale rs 14. Items in the resilience scale rs were derived from a qualitative study of 24 older women aged 6792 17, 21.
Psychometric properties in three samples and associations with mental illness, suicidality, and quality of life. The psychometric properties of the resilience scale rs of 14 items wagnild, 2009c is presented in spanish. Resiliency scale, resilience, scale development, reliability, validity, factor analysis. How to measure resilience with these 8 resilience scales. This concept has been well studied in western countries and less in developing countries, particularly nigeria. Rs 10, two versions of the connordavidson resilience scale cdrisc25. The rs 9 is a selfreport measure, which consists of 25 items on a 5point scale from disagree 1 to agree 5. Find out whats new with cdrisc in the most recent update.
This rating should be based on the participants score along with the behavioural evidence you collect in the interview. The resilience scale rs14 consists of 14 items rated on a scale from 1 does not apply to 4 applies very strongly, with higher scores indicating higher levels of resilience. Request pdf measures of resilience and an evaluation of the resilience scale rs the construct of resilience has been studied relative to competence, cognitive variables and protective. The resilience scale rs was chosen for further evaluation because of its focus on resilience as a positive personality characteristic. Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience. The questions on the 25item connordavidson resilience scale include. The resilience scale metaphor final frameworks institute. Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Construct validity of the rs was obtained from correlations with theoretically relevant constructs, such as depression. Brief resilience scale brs please respond to each item by marking. The possible score range on the brs is from 1 low resilience to 5 high resilience.
Scores on this scale have been found to positively correlate with intelligence as it relates to the ability to adapt, supporting the scales ability to assess an. Resilience is considered as the capacity to overcome adversity. The purposes of this article are to provide additional support for the psychometric properties of the resilience scale and to consider the clinical applicability of this tool. Please use the links in the menu above to find out more about the assesment, and how you can obtain a copy. The measurement is a scale which requires scoring in the form of the 7 point likert scale ranging from not true of me at all to extremely true of me. Academic resilience contextualizes the resilience construct and reflects an increased likelihood of educational success despite. The purpose of this study was to validate the resilience scale rs 14 wagnild, 2009a,b.
The 14item resilience scale rs 14 is a short version of the resilience scale wagnild, 2011 aimed to measure overall trait resilience. I did several large surveys before making this instrument available to other researchers. The tool can be used to translate a wide range of messages from the science of early child development from individual differences to. Jan 17, 2019 there has been a need for an instrument which not only can adequately evaluate traitlike resilience, but also can be applied to polish adolescents and young adults.
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